Raman

	Raman Imaging: Defining the Spatial Resolution of the Technology Chemical images of polystyrene beads on silicon acquired using Raman mapping and image processing are reviewed. The effects of the objective on the quality of the final image, particularly its magnification and numerical aperture, and the step size of the map, are discussed as well. Published in Spectroscopy, supplement Raman, June 2006 Click here to read this article.
	Spectroscopic imaging for the life sciences – more than just a pretty picture It has long been a major goal of scientists to understand the many complex processes taking place within living organisms, ranging from microscopic species such as bacteria and viruses at one extreme, through to the human at the other. This article shows that micro-spectroscopic imaging is a key technique for biological research. Published in Spectroscopy Europe Life Science supplement, August/September 2005 Click here to read this article.
	Spectroscopy Solutions for Materials Analysis Raman and EDXRF Chemical Imaging for Formulation Process Development and Quality Control Compounds of magnesium and calcium are common components of pharmaceutical formulations. Spectroscopic imaging can provide a complete understanding of a formulation. This paper compares two spectral imaging techniques — energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) microscopy and Raman microscopy. Published in Spectroscopy, June 2005 Click here to read this article.
	Biopharma Imaging and Analysis Advancing Towards a More Detailed Picture of Chemistry There is a wealth of analytical and imaging techniques available for the measurement of biopharma samples. The samples themselves can be wideranging and take numerous forms: single cells, tissues, crystals or blended formulations. To study and develop such samples many techniques, including fluorescence microscopy, NIR imaging, AFM and SEM, have been used. Published in European Biopharmaceutical Review, Spring 2005 Click here to read this article.
	Refined Raman Spectroscopy Bringing new insight into industrial processes Fibre probes and ease of use make Raman spectroscopy systems attractive for monitoring process control in many industries, ranging from pharmaceuticals to petrochemicals. The authors describe the Raman effect and discuss systel and monitoring basics. Published in Optics & Photonics News, June 05 Click here to read this article.
	A new dimension in cell imaging Combining chemical and spatial information There are many microscopic imaging techniques used to investigate the complexities of cell structure, including optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These techniques provide highly detailed images of the cells, but they fail to characterise the chemistry and composition of the sample under examination. Spectroscopic techniques, however, can do just that, and in particular Raman micro-spectroscopy is fast becoming established for probing cellular biochemistry on the micron scale. Published in BIOforum Europe, April 2005 Click here to read this article.
	Micro-spectroscopy – shedding light on rock formation Whilst there are many imaging techniques available to a research scientist, the information which is provided is often only of a visual/topographical nature. What they fail to provide is true compositional (chemical/elemental) analysis of the materials. However, microspectroscopic techniques such as Raman or X-ray fluorescence (XRF) can fill this gap, allowing highly detailed images to be generated based upon the sample’s material composition. Published in Spectroscopy Europe, June 2005 Click here to read this article